Map of Egypt

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The Arab Republic of Egypt is located in northeastern Africa. Egypt is bordered by the Red Sea and Israel to the northeast, by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, by Libya to the west, and by Sudan to the south. Egypt occupies 386,662 square miles, but the area of settlement comprises only the Nile River valley, the Nile River delta, and a few oases — less than 4% of the total land area. The Suez Canal, enabling ships to transit between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean (via the Red Sea), is situated in northeast Egypt. Beyond the Suez Canal is the Sinai Peninsula, the land bridge to Asia.

Egypt Map, Showing Major Cities and Administrative Divisions

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Geography of Egypt

After Nigeria, Egypt is Africa's second most populous country. Because Egypt is mostly desert, most of its inhabitants reside either in the fertile valley of the Nile Delta or along the Suez Canal, which connects the Mediterranean and Red Seas.

Egypt has three other main regions in addition to the Nile Valley. Its Western and Eastern deserts are part of the Sahara, while the Sinai Peninsula, which is located to the east of the Suez Canal, contains Gebel Katharina (or Mount Catherine), Egypt's highest peak, in addition to several other mountains. Mount Catherine is Egypt's highest point at 8,625 feet (2,629 meters).

Egypt's Climate

The desert climate in Egypt means that it is one of the world's sunniest locations, with very little rainfall. What rainfall there is occurs during the mild winter months. And while Egypt does enjoy being one of the sunniest places on earth, the climate can have its challenges. During the summer it's not uncommon for hot winds to blow sand and dust into the Nile Valley, making atmospheric conditions less than perfect.

Leading Egyptian Cities

Cairo, Egypt's capital city, was a cradle of ancient civilization and lies at the intersection of Africa and Asia. It is the chaotic, unpredictable home to over 11 million Egyptian, Arab, and African residents. Famous archaeological sites such as the Sphinx and the Great Pyramid of Giza are fairly close by. Cairo is also home to more than 400 religious mosques, as well as plentiful Islamic architecture and art. Cairo has five universities, one of which is the world's oldest.

Alexandria, the second largest city in Egypt, is situated along the Mediterranean Sea to the west of the Nile river delta. It is a popular resort area, featuring a temperate climate and scenic, white sand beaches. Its lighthouse was one of the wonders of the ancient world.

Egypt Travel and Tourism

One of the great early civilizations, tourists are drawn to Egypt to view its pyramids, temples, and decorated tombs. While Arabic is Egypt's official language, French and English are also commonly spoken. Currency is the Egyptian pound. For more information on traveling in Egypt, visit the Egyptian Tourist Authority website, which provides information about ancient and modern Egypt.

Egypt Resources

CIA - The World Factbook - Egypt - U.S. government almanac of Egypt offering maps, statistics and geography.
Wikipedia - Egypt - This free online encyclopedia includes information about Egyptian history and geography, as well as regions in Egypt.
Egypt News - News headlines and news article links about current events in the nation of Egypt.

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